luck

   Whether good or bad, 'luck' is an idea basic to folk belief, ancient, and widespread; it is best understood by contrast with other abstract concepts which purport to explain life's events. Unlike mere chance or accident, it is thought to work through regular cause-and-effect - all 'horseshoes are lucky, all 'Fridays unlucky, and their influence is exerted automatically. Yet, unlike 'fate, luck can change; sometimes it 'turns' spontaneously, sometimes it can be manipulated (you can attract good luck by carrying a 'mascot, cancel an unlucky action by turning round 'three times, etc.). Unlike providence and 'judgements, it has no connection with benevolence, wisdom, or justice, no purposeful plan; there is no meaning behind it.

   It is usually futile to enquire why a particular object or action is thought to be lucky or unlucky. 'Pagan survival' is a popular suggestion, but few of the symbols, animals, plants, etc., sacred in Celtic, Germanic, or Roman religion are identical with those now considered lucky or unlucky. A handful of items can be explained as Christian; a good many are based on symbolism, being akin to 'magic rituals, or 'omens. But the majority resist any logical explanation, and seem trivial and meaningless. Serious or semi-serious belief in luck is still vigorous in modern society.

   See also 'superstitions.